Criminal Procedure and Practice Cases

You need to login to view the following content . Please Login. Not a Member? Join Us

A CAUTIONED STATEMENT RECORDED BY THE POLICE OFFICER IN THE PRESENCE OF ANOTHER POLICE OFFICER OR OTHER PLOICE OFFICERS IS INADIMMISIBLE BY THE COURT

ASSESSMENT OF CREDIBILITY OF WITNESSES

ABILITY TO NAME THE SUSPECT AT THE EARLIEST OPPORTUNITY

A VERDICT MUST BE MADE IN CLEAR TERMS

ACQUITTAL AND WITHDRAWAL

AMENDMENT OF CHARGE , CURABLE DEFECTS, ALIBI, VISUAL ID, ID PARADE

APPLICATION FOR EXTENSION OF TIME

AN OMMISSION IN THE CHARGE MAY BE CURED THE PARTICULARS OF THE CHARGE OR EVIDENCE ON RECORD

A CAUTIONED STATEMENT RECORDED BY THE POLICE OFFICER IN THE PRESENCE OF ANOTHER POLICE OFFICER OR OTHER PLOICE OFFICERS IS INADIMMISIBLE

A Clinical Officer Is a Qualified Medical Practitioner, Defence Case Must Be Considered, Best Evidence of Sexual Offence, Credibility of Witnesses

A CONFESSION OR CAUTIONED STATEMENT WILL BE PRESUMED TO HAVE BEEN VOLUNTARILY MADE UNTIL OBJECTION TO IT IS MADE

A CONVICTION FOR ARMED ROBBERY MAY BE ENETERED ON A CHARGE OF ROBEBERY SECTION 285 AND 286 OF THE PENAL CODE

A DECISION OF THE COURT MUST BE INFORMED BY EVIDENCE AND THE APPLICABLE LAW

A DOCUMENT MUST BE READ OUT AFTER ITS ADMISSION

A PROSECUTOR CANNOT TENDER EXHIBITS

A retrial may be ordered only when the original trial was illegal or defective

A SECOND APPELLATE COURT CANNOT INTEREFERE WITH THE CONCURRENT FINDINGS OF THE TWO COURTS BELOW EXCEPT FOR COMPELLING REASONS

A SECOND APPELLATE COURT CANNOT INTERFERE WITH THE CONCURRENT FINDINGS OF THE TWO COURTS BELOW EXCEPT FOR COMPELLING REASONS

A TRIAL WITHIN A TRIAL-PROCEDURE AT A TRIAL WITH ASSESSORS

A Witness with Interest to Serve, Variance Between the Charge and Evidence, Re-Evaluation of Evidence by the Second Appellate Court

Ability of A Witness to Name a Suspect, The Defence of Alibi, Best Evidence in Rape

Ability of a Witness to Name a Suspect, Visual Identification Evidence, How and for What Reason the Accused Person is Arrested

ABSENCE OF THE CERTIFICATE OF SEIZURE-EMERGENCE SEARCH

ACCUSED CANNOT BE CONVICTED BASED I ON WIKNESS OF EVIDENCE BY PROSECUTION

Accused Must Make the Theme of His Defence, Rape Between Married People, Remote Possibilities in Favour of the Accused Cannot Benefit Him

Accused Person Must Plead to the Substituted Charge and Be Informed of His Right to Recall Witnesses, Retrial Principles

ADMISSION OF STATEMENTS OF APPELLANTS ON APPEAL WITHOUT HEARING THEM

AN ACCUSED CANNOT BE CONVICTED ON THE WEAKNESS OF THE DEFENCE

AN ACCUSED PERSON MUST INDICATE THE THEME OF HIS DEFENCE

An Accused Person Must Plead to The Amended Charge, Failure to Do So is Fatal, Retrial Principles

AN ACCUSED PERSON WHO CONFESSES TO A CRIME IS THE BEST WITNESS

AN APPLICATION FOR FORFEITURE ORDER-THE MANNER IN WHICH INTERESTED PARTIES MAY PURSUE REMEDIES IN APPLICATIONS FOR FORFEITURE

ANALYIS OF SMAPLE BY GOVEREMENT CHEMIST AS SOON AS PRACTICABL, WHETHER ONE MONTH AND A HALF IS A REASONABLE TIME OF DELAY

ANY FACT OR DOCUMENT OMMITTED OR AGREED DURING PRELIMINARY HEARING SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE DULY PROVED (1)

APPEAL AGAINST A CONVICTION BASED ON A PLEA OF GUILTY

APPEAL AGAINST A DECISION TO SUMMARY DISMIS AN APPEAL, OPTIONS OPEN TO THE SECOND APPELLATE COURT

APPEAL BY THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC PROSECUTION

APPEAL LODGED AFTER CONVICTION BUT BEFORE SENTENCE IS PASSED, APPEAL PREMATURE

APPEAL TO THE HIGH COURT FILED OUT OF THE PRESCRIBED LIMITATION PERIOD’

APPEALS BY THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS, NOTICE OF APPEAL FILED BY THE REGIONAL CRIME OFFICER

Appeals from the Subordinate Courts to the High Court in Criminal Matters, The Right to Be Heard, Conviction in Absentia

APPEALS TO THE HIGH COURT-AUTOMATIC EXCLUSION OF TIME REQUSITE FOR OBTAINING A COPY OF THE PROCEEDINGS, JUDGEMENT OR ORDER APPEALED AGAINST

APPELANTS HAD A COMMON INTENTION OF ASSAUTING THE DECEASED BUT SENTENCED DIFFERENLY

APPELANTS WAS A LAST PERSON TO BE SEEN WITH THE DECEASED

APPELLANT CONDEMNED TO A SENTENCE HIGHER THAN THE LAW PROVIDED WHEN THE OFFENCE WAS COMMITTED, SENTENCE IMPOSED IS UNLAWFUL

APPELLANT CONVICTED IN OWN PLEA OF GUILTY OF MANSALUGHER WHILE THE FACTS NARRATED REVELED ACCIDENTAL KILLING, WHETHER THE APPELLANT WAS PROPERLY CONVICTED

APPELLANTS CONVICTED OF MURDER AND MANSLAUGTERS

APPELLANTS PRESENT AT THE SCENE OF THE KILING

APPLICATION FOR REVIEW OUT OF TIME CIRCUSTANCES RELIED UPON NOT DISCLOSED

APPLICATION FOR REVIEW TO THE COURT OF APPEAL, PERIOD OF LIMITATION FOR SUCH APPLICATION

APPLICATION OF LAW OF LIMITATION IN THE COURT OF APPEAL

APPROPRIATE SENTENCE TO IMPOSED FOR ACCUSED OF 16 YEARS

Arrested Person to Be Taken to Court Within 24 Hours, Circumstantial Evidence, The Offence of Rape and Incest by Male

BAIL IS CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT-FAILURE TO GRANT BAIL AMOUNTS TO VIOLATION OF RIGHT TO BE HEARD-VIOLATION OF RIGHT TO BE HEARD RENDERS THE PROCEEDINGS AND JUDGEMENT TO BE NULLITY

BAIL=CIRCUMSTANCES TO BE CONSIDERED WHEN GRANTING BAIL

BAIL=VARIATION OF THE BAIL CONDITIONS

Bail by subordinate Court which has been granted certificate of jurisdiction, Economic offence

BAIL FOR AN ACCUSED PERSON CHARGED WITH MURDER, APPLICANT OR ACCUSED PERSON A YOUNG PERSON, WHETHER BAIL MAY BE GRANTED SECTION 148(5) OF THE CPA

BAIL IN ECONOMIC OFFENCES WHERE THE VALUE OF THE PROPERTY INVOLVED IS UNCERTAIN AND THE CASE IS AT THE PRELIMINARY INQUIRY STAGE

BEFORE CHARGING A PRISONER, A POLICE OFFICER MUST HAVE AN HONEST BELIEF IN THE GULITY OF THE ACCUSED

BENEFIT OF DOUBTS -DOUBTS WHERE PRESENT BENEFIT THE ACCUSED PERSON

BEST EVIDENCE SEXUAL OFFENCES

Better Ten Guilty Persons Escape Than One Innocent Man Convicted, Easy to Allege Rape but Hard to Prove, Suspicion However Strong

BIAS, ALLEGATIONS OF BIAS AGAINST A JUDGE SUCH ALLEGATIONS NOT TO BE TAKEN LIGHTLY

Both the Accused Person and the Victim of Rape are Infected with Sexual Transmitted Diseases, Medical Evidence, Oral Confession, Expunged Evidence,

BRIBING IN ORDER TO FACILITATE PORT CLEARANCE OF A CONTAINER OF DANGEROUS DEUGS, WHETHER OFFENCE OF LEADING ORGANIZED CRIME ESTABLISHED

Broken Chain of Custody

CAUTION STATEMENTS, TRIAL WITHIN TRIAL, ASSESSORS

CAUTION STATEMENT

COMMENCEMENT OF CRIMINAL TRIAL BEFORE THE HIGH COURT

CONSQUENCES OF FAILURE TO INDICATE IN THE RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS THAT PLEA WAS ENTERED

CERTIFICATE ON A POINT OF LAW

CIRCUMSTANCE ON WHICH THE APPELLATE COURT CAN INTERFERE FINDINGS OF THE BELLOW COURTS

CONVICTION BASED ON THE DOCTRINE OF RECENT POSSESSION

CONVICTION BASED ON A REPUDIATED CONFESSION, DEPARTING FROM COUNSEL CONTENTIONS, MEANING OF SHALL

CONVICTION BASED ON IDENTIFICATION EVIDENCE OF A SINGLE WITNESS

CONVICTION BASED ON MOONLIGHT IDENTIFICATION, CHOICE OF WITNESS BY PROSECUTION

CONVICTION BASED ON MOONLIGHT IDENTIFICATION

CONVICTION BASED ON UNSWORN EVIDENCE OF A CHILD OF TENDER AGE

CONVICTION MAY BE BASED ON UNCOROBORATED EVIDENCE OF A CHILD OF TENDER AGE

CONVICTION MUST BE BASED ON EVIDENCE

COROBOROTIVE EVIDENCE MAY BE CIRCUMSTANTIAL

COURT CANT ADMIT NEW ASSERTION AT APPEAL

COURT IS NOT BOUND TO ACCEPT EXPERT OPINION

COURT WITH JURISDICTION TO GRANT BAIL IN COMMITAL PROCEEDING

CIRCUMSTANCES TO ESTABLISH MALICE AFORETHOUGHT-MOB JUSTICE

CRIMINAL JUSTICE ENTAILS RENDERING JUSTICE TO PARTIES-IT IS CRUCIAL TO THE STAKEHOLDERS TO HAVE A SENSE OF JUSTICE AND A SPIRIT OF COOPERTATION IN ORDER TO ENSURE THAT JUSTICE IS AVAILED

CANCELLATION OF BAIL

CASE ADJORNED FOR A PERIOD RUNNING BEYOND 60 DAYS

CAUSITIONED STATEMENT, CAUTIONED STATEMENT AND RECORD OF AN INTERVIEW DISTINGUISHED

CAUTIONED AND ESTRA-JUDICIAL STATEMEMNTS MADE AND ADMITTED BY ACCUSED MUST BE INCOPORATED, SECTION 192(3) OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE ACT

Cautioned Statement Recorded in the Presence of Other Police Officers is Inadmissible, Doubts Shall Be Dissolved in Favour of the Accused Person

CAUTIONED STATEMENT SHOULD BE READ OVER TO THE ACCUSED AFTER IT HAS BEEN RECORDED AND AFFORD HIM A CHANCE TO MAKE CORRECTION IF ANY FAILURE TO DO SO IS FITAL

CAUTIONED STATEMENT, ADMISSIBILITY OF THE EVIDENCE, MAY BE ADMITTED IN EVIDENCE WHEN VOLUNTARY MADE

Chain of Custody, Contents of a Judgement, Search Warrant, Failure to Consider the Defence Evidence, DPP Consent, DPP Certificate,

Chain of Custody, Contradictions in Evidence

Chain of Custody, Sentence Where a Person is Convicted with an Offence Which is Provided Under the EOCCA and Other Written Law, Independent Witness,

CHAIN OF CUSTODY

CHARGE ALLEGING AN OFFENCE AGAINST A STATUTORY PROVISION THAT DOES NOT EXIST, PROCEEDINGS NULL AND VOID

CHARGE NOT DISCLOSING ANY OFFENCE, WHETHER PROPER TO PUT CHARGE TO THE ACCUSED, SECTION 129 OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE ACT

CHARGE OF ARMED ROBBERY, USE OF A TOY IN COMMITTING THE OFFENCE

CHARGED PREFFERED UNDER REPEALED LAW

CHARGES OF STEALING BY SERVANT FOLLOWED BY BEING IN POSSESSION OF PROPERTY UNLAWFULLY ACQUIRED

CHARGES OF STEALING BY SERVANT

CHARGES, OFFENCE CAPABLE OF BEING COMMITTED IN ALTERNATIVE WAYS, PROPER WAY OF CHARGING

Circumstances to Prove Malice Aforethought,

CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE AN APPELLATE COURT CAN INTERFERE WITH THE DISCREATION OF THE INFERIOR COURT OR TRIBUNAL

Circumstantial Evidence, Failure to Tender Physical Object, List of Intended Exhibits, Lies of Accused, Last Person to Be Seen With the Deceased,

CIRCUSTANCE OF SUBMISSION OF NO CASE TO ANSWER

CIRCUSTANCES OF A CONVICTION OF PLEA OF GUILTY

CIRCUSTANCES UNDER WHICH AN APPELLATE COURT MAY INTERFERE WITH THE SENTENCE OF THE TRIAL

CONCURRENT FINDINGS OF FATS BY THE LOWER COURTS CANNOT BE INTENDERED -EXCEPTIONS-RATIONALE BEHIND

CONDITION OF ASSUANCE OF SERVICE OF THE RESPONDENT

Conditions for A Plea of Guilty to Be Valid for Purposes of Conviction Without Trial,

CONDITIONS FOR A PLEA OF GUILTY TO BE VALID FOR PURPOSES OF CONVICTION WITHOUT TRIAL

Conditions for determining the unequivocality of plea of guilty

Conditions for the Grant of Leave to Appeal, Court Should Refrain from Determining Substantive Issues,

CONDITIONS TO BE OBSERVED IN CONDUCTING AN IDENTIFICATION PARADE

CONSEQUENCE OF FAILURE TO PROPERLY SUM UP OF THE CASE TO ASSESSORS

CONSIDERATION OF GRANT OR REFUSAL OF BAIL IN EXTRADITION CASES

Constructive Possession, Definition of Trafficking, Chain of Custody, The Doctrine of Recent Possession, Effect of Signing the Certificate of Seizure

CONTENTS OF A JUDGEMENT

CONTENTS OF EVERY CHARGE OR INFORMATION

Contradictions in Evidence, Failure to Tender Physical Object, Failure to Call a Material Witness, Credibility of Witnesses

CONVICTION OF MURDER BASING ON VARARIANCE OF EVIDENCE

COURT GRANTS BAIL AND SUBSEQUENTLY CANCELS IT WITHOUT REASONS FOR THE CANCELLATION, WHETHER PROPER

COURT MAY DISMISS ON APPEAL SUMMARILY AFTER IT HAS ALLOWED THE PARTIES TO ARGUE MAY DISMISS ON APPEAL SUMMARILY AFTER IT HAS ALLOWED THE PARTIES TO ARGUE THE APPEAL ON MERIT

COURT ON A SECOND APPEAL MAY INTERFERE WITH CONCURRENT FINDINGS OF FACT BY THE COURTS BELOW

CREDIBILITY OF WITNESSES

Cruel Sentences Should Not Be Imposed to Persons of or Below of 18 Years, Confession, At Any Stage a Defective Charge Can Be Amended,

CURRENTLY IT IS NOT MANDATORY TO CONDUCT A CRIMINAL TRIAL WITH AID OF ASSESSORS

DUTY TO READ OVER THE CHARGE OR INFORMATION TO THE ACCUSED BEFORE COMMENCEMENT OF THE TRIAL

DEFENCE OF INSANITY

DNA TEST IN PROVING THE OFFENCE OF IMPREGNATING A SCHOOL GIRL

DUPLICITY OF CHARGES- A CHARGES IS DUPLEX WHERE IN ONE COUNT IT CONTAINS MORE THAN ONE OFFENCE

DEATH OF ACCUSED, ACCUSED PERSON DIES BEFORE COMPLETION OF THE CASE AGAINST HIM, WHAT THE COURT SHOULD DO

DEFECTIVE CHARGE FOR FAILURE TO PROPERLY CITE THE RELEVANT SUB-SECTIONS IN THE STATEMENT OF THE OFFENCE

Defective Charge, Failure to Disclose to Whom the Threat Was Directed in The Particulars of Offence of Armed Robbery is Curable,

Defective Charge, Failure to Disclose to Whom the Threat Was Directed in The Particulars of Offence of Armed Robbery is Fatal,

Defective Charge, Failure to Draw a Memorandum of Matters Not Disputed, No Particular Number of Witnesses is Required to Prove a Fact,

DEFECTIVE CHARGE-CHARGING A PERSON UNDER NON-EXISTING PROVISIONS OF THE LAW

DEFENCE OF ALIB, FAILURE TO GIVE OF INTENETION TO PLEAD ALIBI, CONSEQUENCES OF FAILURE TO GIVE NOTICE OF INTENETION TO RELY UPON ALIBI

Defence of Alibi, Evidence Must Be Taken Under Oath, Sentence Start to Run When the Accused Person Was Convicted,

DEFENCE OF INSANITY

DEFINITION OF JUDICIAL DISCREATION’

DEFINITION OF THE TERM ORDER

DEFINITION OF THE WORD DOWRY

DEFINITION OF WORDS ARGUEMENT AND CONFRONTATION-THE TWO WORDS DO NOT IMPLY FIGHTING

Delay in Arresting the Accused Person, Sentence for Unnatural Offence, Best Evidence in Sexual Offences,

DELAY IN ARRESTING THE ACCUSED PERSON

Delay in Reporting a Crime, Contradictions in Evidence, Elements to Prove in Statutory Rape, Best Evidence in Sexual Offences, SELEMANI HASSANI

DELAY TACTICS-ONCE IS ACCIDENT, TWICE IS COINCIDENCE AND THRICE IS DELIBERATE

DELAY TO ARRAIGN THE ACCUSED PERSON IN COURT

Delay to Arrest the Accused Person, Failure to Call Material Witnesses, The Principle of Adverse Inference, Evidence of Recognition

DISCREATION OF HIGH COURT CAN INVOKE ITS DISCREATION SUO MOTU

Discripinary vs penal offences

DISMISSEDE SUMMARILY BY THE HIGH COURT

DISPENSING WITH PRESENCE OF ACCUSED, WHEN A STATEMENT OF ACCUSED PERSON SHOULD BE READ OUT

DISPOSAL OF EXHIBITS AFTER CLOSING PROSECUTION CASE, EFFECT THEREOF, SECTION 353(1) OF THE RIMINAL PROCEDURE ACT

DOCRINE OF RECENT POSSESSION

DPP Certificate and Consent for The Subordinate Court to Try Economic Case, Certificate and Consent Issued Prior to the Initiation of a Charge is Void, OMARY BAKARI

DPP’s CONSENT AND CERTIFICATE CONFERRING JURISDICTION ON THE SUBORDINATE COURT TO TRY THE ECONOMIC CASE

DUPLICITY OF CHARGES-THE LAW FORBIDING LUMPING OF MORE THAN ONE OFFENCE IN ONE COUNT

Duty of The Prosecution to Prove the Case Beyond Reasonable Doubt, Definition of The Term Beyond Reasonable Doubt, Visual Identification

Duty to Assign Reasons for Taking Over the Case from the Predecessor Magistrate, Corroboration in Sexual Offences

Duty to Give Reasons for Taking Over the Case, Contradictions in Evidence, Best Evidence in Sexual Offences

Duty to Lead Evidence Showing the Date the Offence was Committed, Adverse Inference, Witness Should Identify the Stolen Property

ECONOMIC AND ORGANIZED CRIME, SUBORDINATE COURTS HAVE NO JURISDICTION EXCEPT BY AN ORDER OF THE DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC PROSECUTIONS OR AUTHORIZED STATE ATTORNEY

Economic Case Must be Heard by Subordinate Court Specified in the DPP Certificate, Accused to be Present When Perishable Exhibits are to Be Destroyed,

Effect of Charging a Person Under a Repealed Law, Dead Law, Failure to Cite the Proper and Valid Law

Elements to Prove Murder, Eye Witness Visual Identification, Evidence of Recognition, Adverse Inference, Identification Where Victims Are Terrified

EVERY CHARGE ORINFORMATION MUST CONTAIN SUFFICINT PARTICULARS AS MAY BE NECCESSARY FOR GIVING REASONABLE INFORMATION AS TO THE NATURE OF THE OFFENCE CHARGED S.132 & 135 OF THE CPA

EVERY DEFECT IN THE CHARGE RENDERS IT FATALLY DEFECTIVE

EVERY PROCEDURAL ERROR CAN VITIATE THE PROCEEDINGS

EVIDENCE MUST BE GIVEN UNDER OATH OR AFFIRMATION

EVIDENCE OF RECOGNITION

Evidence of Visual Identification, Evidence of Voice Identification, Sentence for Unnatural Offence Committed to a Child is Life

EXERCISE OF JUDICIAL DISCREATION, REQUIREMENTS FOR EXERCISE OF JUDICIAL DISCREATION

EXERCISE OF REVIEW POWERS BY THE COURT OF APPEAL, CIRCUSTANCES UNDER WHICH THE POWERS MAY BE INVOKED

EXTENDED JURISDICTION

EXTRADITION, MINISTER’S ORDER TO COURT FOR ARREST AND DETENTION OF FUGITIVE COURT COMPLIANCE WITH MINISTERS ORDER, WHETHER LAWFUL SECTION 5(1) OF EXTRADITION ACT

EXTRAJUDICIAL STATEMENT-CHIEF JUSTICE GUIDELINES

EFFECT OF DELAY IN NAMING THE SUSPECTS

EQUIVOCAL TESTIMONIES CAN NOT FORM CONVICTION

EXTRA JUDICIAL STATEMENT MAY FORM CONVICTION

FAILURE TO READ THE CHARGE SHEET BEFORE THE COMMENCEMENT TRIAL

FUCTUS OFFICIO

FUNCTUS OFFICIO

FUNCTION OF ARRAIGNMENT

FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN ASCERTAINING PROPER IDENTIFICATION

FACTORS IN IDENTIFICATION BY RECOGNITION

FAILURE TO READ IDENTIFICATION PARADE REGISTERS

FAILURE TO READ OUT THE CONTENTS OF A DOCUMENT AFTER ITS ADMISSION IN EVIDENCE IS AN INCURRABLE IRREGULARITY

FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN IMPOSING SENTENCE

FAILURE TO CONDUCT PH CANT VITIATE THE PROCEEDINGS

FAILURE TO SUMMON KEY WITNESS WEAKEN THE PROSECUTION CAS

FAILURE TO CONSIDER GROUNDS OF APPEAL

FAILURE TO DISCLOSE IN THE CHARGE THE ACTUAL TIME IN WHICH THE OFFENCE WAS COMMITTED

FAILURE TO CONSIDER DEFENCE CASE

FAILURE TO TENDER EXTRA JUDICIAL STATEMENT

Factors to Establish Malice Aforethought, Self Defence

Failure by the Accused to indicate his defence earlier, it render the defence to be dismissed

FAILURE BY THE FIRST APPELATE COURT TO CONSIDER THE GROUNDS OF APPEAL

FAILURE BY THE OWNER OF THE HOUSE TO SIGN THE CERTIFICATE OF SEIZURE

FAILURE BY THE TRIAL COURT TO STATE THE PROVISION UNDER WHICH THE ACCUSEDIS CONVICTEDAT THE TIME OF CONVICTION

FAILURE BY THE TRIAL COURT TO STATE THEPROVISION UNDER WHICH THE ACCUSED IS CONVICTED AT THE TIME OF CONVICTION

Failure by the Trial Judge to Append Signature at the End of the Testimony of Each Witness is Fatal, Failure to Append Signature

FAILURE OF THE TRIAL MAGISTRATE TO INDICATE THE CLOSURE OF THE DEFENCE CASE

FAILURE OF TRIAL JUDGE TO SUM UP THE CASE TO THE ASSESORS BEFORE OBTAINING THEIR OPINION, EFFECT OF SUCH FAILURE

Failure to Append Signature in The Proceedings, Particulars of The Offence of Piracy

Failure to Arraign the Accused Person Before the Trial is Fatal, Retrial Principles,

FAILURE TO CAUSION THE ACCUSED ON A SPECIFIC OFFENCE AND FAILURE TO INDICATE THE OFFENCE SECTION IN THE CAUSIONED STATEMENT

FAILURE TO CITE THE PUNISHMENT PROVISION IN THE CHARGE IS NOT FATAL

Failure to Consider Defence Case, Failure to Furnish the Accused Person with The Statement of the Complainant, Credibility of Witnesses

FAILURE TO CONSIDER DEFENCE CASE

Failure to Consider Mitigating Factors, Evidence of Recognition, Visual Identification, Defence of Alibi, Necessity to Describe Time in the Charge

Failure to Consider the Defence Case, Burden of Proof in Criminal Cases, Credibility of Witnesses, Best Evidence in Sexual Offences

FAILURE TO CONSIDER THE DEFENCE CASE

Failure to Enter a Conviction Order Against the Accused Person

Failure to Establish Boundaries in Wildlife Offences, Document Must Be Read Out After Its Admission, Concurrent Findings of Facts by The Lower Courts

FAILURE TO HOLD A PRELIMINARY HEARING VIOLATES PROCEEDINGS IN A CASE SECTION 192

FAILURE TO READ EXIHIBIT AFTER ADMITTED IS INCURRABLE DEFECT

Failure to Read Out the Undisputed Facts of the Case to the Accused Person During PH and Cause the Same to Be Signed by Him is Not Fatal

FAILURE TO RE-ISSUE CONSENT AND CERTIFICATE CONFERING JURISDICTION RENDER TRIAL NULLITY

FAILURE TO STATE IN THE CHARGE THE TIME THE OFFENCE WAS COMMITTED

failure to take oath by victim is curable

FAILURE TO TAKE PLEA OF THE ACCUSED PERSON IS AGAINST A RULE OF NATURAL JUSTICE

FAIR TRIAL MINIMUM STANDARDS TO ENSURE A FAIR TRIAL

FIRST OFFENNDER DESERVE A STATUTORY MINIMUM SENTENCE OF IMPRISONMENT

Forgery of academic certificates

Forgery, Occasioning Loss to a Specified Authority, Deceive and Defraud, Evidence of Handwriting, Contradictions in Evidence

GROUNDS FOR DELAY FOR APPLICATION FOR LODGEING REVIEW

Guidelines On Visual Identification, Defence of Alibi, Ability of a Witness to Name a Suspect, Sentences Must Be Served at The Same Time

HOW SHOULD CRIMINAL JUSTICE BE ADMINISTERED

HOW PANEL OF THREE JUDGES OF CAT DECIDE A JUDGMENT

HE WHO ALLEGES MUST PROVE-STANDARD OF PROOF IN AN APPLCATION FOR FOEFEITURE ORDER-BALANCE OF PROBALITIES-S.75 OF THE POCA

HEARING A CASE AFTER EXPIRY OF 60 DAYS

HIGH COURT IS ENJOINED TO PREVENT IT UNDER S.95 OF THE CPC

IDENTIFICATION OF DOGS AT NIGH, NEED TO ADDUCE EVIDENCE TO SHOW WHETHER CONDITIONS ALLOWED FOR PROPER IDENTIFICATION

IDENTIFICATION PARADE, ACCUSED IDENTIFIED BY TWO WITNESSES AND INDENTIFICATION BY ONE WITNESS IS CHALLENGED, WHETHER ACCUSED PERSONS PROPERLY INDENTIFIED

Identification Parade, Requirement of Giving Description of the Suspect, Ability of a Witness to Name a Suspect, Elements of Armed Robbery

IDENTIFICATION PARADE

IDENTIFICATION, CASE DEPENDING ON IDENTIFICATION OF ACCUSED, SUCH IDENTIFICATION MUST BE WATERTIGHT

ILLEGAL IMPORTATION OF DANGERIOUS DRUGS, CIRCUSTANTIAL EVIDENCE, WHETHER THE OFFENCE IS ESTABLISHED

ILLEGALITY AS A GROUND FOR EXTENSION OF TIME CAN BE RAISED BY COURT SUO MOTU

Illegality as a Ground for Extension of Time, Discretion of The High Court to Grant Extension of Time,

Illegality as A Ground for Extension of Time, Prison Status of a Person as a Ground for Extension of Time

IMPORTANCE OF A PROPER SUMMING UP OF A CASE TO ASSESSORS

IMPROPER SUMMING UP TO ASSESSORS AND VISUAL IDENTIFICATION EVIDENCE

Improper Summing Up to Assessors, Involvement of Assessors in Criminal Trials Before the High Court is No Longer Mandatory

Improper Summing Up to Assessors, Involvement of Assessors in Criminal Trials Before the High Court

Improper Summing Up to Assessors, Retrial Principles

IMPROPER SUMMING UP TO ASSESSORS

IN EVERY PROCEDURAL IRREGULARITY THE CRUCIAL QUESTION IS WHETHER IT HAS OCCASSIONED A MISCARRIAGE OF JUSTICE

Ingredients of armed robbery

INSANITY AS A BAR TO A TRIAL, PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED BY TRIAL COURT

INTERFERENCE WITH THE DISCREATION OF THE LOWER COURTS

Interference with The Exercise of Discretion by The Lower Courts, Illegality as A Ground for Extension of Time, Contents of The Memorandum of Appeal

INTERFERENCE WITH THE SENTENCING DISCREATION OF THE TRIAL COURT

INTERPRETATION OF THE PHRASE SHALL BE LIABLE TO

INVOLMENT OF ASSESSORS IN CRIMINAL TRIALSBEFORE THE HIGH COURT-THE ROLE OF ASSESORS

Involvement of Assessors in Criminal Trials Before the High Court, Accused Must be Given an Opportunity to Comment on the Selected Assessors

Involvement of Assessors in Criminal Trials Before the High Court

Involvement of Assessors in Criminal Trials Before the High Court, Duty to Inform the Assessors Their Responsibility, Retrial Principles

Involvement of Assessors in Criminal Trials Before the High Court, Retrial Principles

Involvement of Assessors in Criminal Trials Before the High Court, The Trial Judge Should Not Add Extraneous Matters

INVOLVEMENT OF ASSESSORS IN CRIMINAL TRIALS BEFORE THE HIGH COURT-OPINION OF ASSESORS

It is Highly Improbable for One to Commit an Offence Without Hiding His Identity, Adverse Inference, Defense of Alibi, Visual Identification

IT IS IRREGULAR TO CHARGE A PERSON WITH THE OFFENCE OF ARMED ROBBERY AND CAUSING GRIEVOUS HARM AS SEPARATE COUNTS IN THE SAME CHARGE

It is No Longer Mandatory to Conduct a Criminal Trial with the Aid of Assessors, Improper Summing Up to Assessors, Retrial Principles

It is Not Mandatory to Report Every Crime to the Local Leadership Before the Complaint is Formally Made to the Police, Proof of Victim Age,

IT IS THE CHOICE OF THE DPP TO CHARGE A SUSPECT WITH ONLY THE OFFENCES THAT SHE HAS ABILITY TO PROVE BEYOND REASONABLE DOUBT

JURISDICTION OF ECONOMIC AND ORGANIZED CRIME COURT ON TERRORISM OFFENCE

JUDGEMENT DOES NOT MEET THE STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS, JUDGEMENT BAD IN LAW

JUDGEMENT OF THE COURT MUST BE BASED ON AN OBJECTIVE EVALUATION OF THE EVIDENCE OF BOTH THE PROSECUTION AND DEFENCE

JUDICIAL DECISIONS WHICH ESTABLISH PRECEDENT HAVE RESTRORESPECTIVE EFFECT IN THE CASES BEING DECIDED AND OTHER CASES WHICH ARE PENDING OR STILL TO COME BEFORE THE COURT

Jurisdiction to Try Economic Cases, DPP Certificate and Consent Must Refer to Section Which is Cited in the Charge Sheet

LIES OF AN ACCUSED MAY CORROBORATE THE PROSECUTION CASE

LEADING ORGANIZED CRIME, NO PROOF OF INTENT TO BENEFIT FROM SUCH ACT, WHETHER OFFENCE OF LEADING ORGANIZED CRIME IS ESTABLISHED

LEGAL AID SERVICES TO INDIGENT ACCUSED PERSONS FACING CRIMINAL CHARGES-THE LAW BEFORE AND AFTER 2017

Lost File, Missing Record, Way Forward When Court is Faced with Missing Record

MISSING CHARGE-EFFECT OF THE CHARGE MISSING FROM THE RECORD OF APPEAL

MURDER CASE=PERSON TAKEN INTO CUSTODY WITHOUT WARRANT

MEANING OF AN ORDER FOR RETRIAL

Magistrate Has to Append His Signature After Recording Evidence of Each Witness, Ability of a Witness to Name a Suspect, Retrial Principles

MATTER NOT RAISED IN FIRST APPEAL

MATTER NOT RAISED IN THE TRIAL AND FIRST APPEAL CANNOT BE RAISED IN A SECOND APPELLATE COURT EXCEPT THOSE INVLOVING POINTS OF LAW (NOT FACTS)

MATTER NOT RAISED IN THE TRIAL AND FIRST APPEAL CANNOT BE RAISED IN A SECOND APPELLATE COURT EXCEPT THOSE INVLOVING POINTS OF LAW

MATTER NOT RAISED IN THE TRIAL AND FIRST APPEL CANNOT BE RAISED IN A SECOND APPELLATE COURT EXCEPT THOSE INVOLVING POINTS OF LAW

MATTERS NOT RAISED IN THE TRIAL AND FIRST APPEAL CANNOT BE RAISED IN A SECOND APPELLATE COURT EXCEPT THOSE INVLOVING POINTS OF LAW (NOT FACTS)

MATTERS NOT RAISED IN THE TRIAL AND FIRST APPEAL CANNOT BE RAISED IN A SECOND APPELLATE COURT EXCEPT THOSE INVLOVING POINTS OF LAW

MATTERS NOT RAISED IN THE TRIAL AND FIRST APPEAL CANNOT BE RAISED IN A SECOND APPELLATECOURT EXCEPT THOSE INVLOVING POINTS OF LAW (NOT FACTS)

MATTERS NOT RAISED IN THE TRIAL COURT OR FIRST APPELLATE COURT CANNOT BE RAISED IN THE SECOND APPELLATE COURT

MEANING OF CHAIN OF CUSTODY

MEANING OF DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC PROSECUTION

MEETING CONVENED TO DISCUSS AND WRITE A LETTER TO THE DISTRICT COMMISSIONER ON MISMANAGEMENT OF VILLAGE FUNDS, WHETHER THE MEETINGS AND WRITTING OF THE LETTER AMOUNTED TO ACRIMINAL OFFENCE

MINIMUM SENTENCE, FIRST OFFENDER SENTENCE UNDER MINIMUM SENTENCE DECREE

MIS REDECTION AND NON DIRECTION, EFFECT THEREOF

MODALITY OF SUPPLYING THE COMMITTAL PROCEEDINGS TO THE ACCUSED

MODE OF FRAMING THE CHARGE-THE PUNISHMENT PROVISION MUST BE STATED IN THE CHARGE-RATIONALE

NEW MATTER RAISED AT THE SECOND APPEAL

NEED TO EVALUATE EVIDENCE LAID IN THE SCALES AT THE TRIAL AND ASSIGNING REASONS FOR DECISIONS MADE

NO PARTICULAR NUMBER OF WITNESSES IS REQUIRED TO PROVE A CASE-WHAT MATTERS IS NOT THE NUMBER OF WITNESSES BUT THE QUALITY AND RELEVANCY OF THE EVIDENCE OF WITNESSES GIVE

NO PARTICULAR NUMBER OF WITNESSSES IS REQUIRED TO PROVE A FACT

NO PROSECUTION TESTIFIED TO HAVE SEEN THE APPELLANTS KILL THE DECEASED

NON CITATION OR WRONG CITATIONOF THE PROVISION IN THE STATEMENT OF THE OFFENCE

Non Inclusion of the Charge in the Record of Appeal, The Charge Sheet is Mandatorily Required to Be Included in the Record of Appeal

NON-CITATION AND CITATIONS OF INAPPLICABLE PROVISIONS IN THE STATEMENT OF OFFENCE

NOT ONLY WRONG AND NON-CITATION OD THE RELEVANT PROVISION OF LAW IN THE STATEMENT OF THE OFFENCE BUT ALSO FOR THE INSUFFICIENCY OF THE PARTCULARS OF THE CHARGE

ORDER FOR RETRIAL WHEN A DETECTED ERROR ON AN APPEAL HAS BEEN HELD TO BE FATAL

OFFENCE COMMITTED BEFORE THE ENEACTMENT OF THE SEXUAL OFFENCES

ORDER OF FORFEITURE, WHETHER COURT CAN ORDER DISTRIBUTION OF FOREFITED PROPERTY TO BENEFICIARIES

POWERS TO ORDER A RETRIAL

PROOF OF DEATH OR CAUSE OF DEATH

PROCEDURE OF RECEIVING EVIDENCE OF A CHILD OF TENDER AGE

PURPOSE OF HOLDING IDENTIFICATION PARADE

POSITIVE EVIDENCE, CONVICTION BASED ON VISUAL OF MOONLIGHT, EVIDENCE OF COUPLES

PROCEDURES WHEN AN ACCUSED PLEADED GUILTY TO AN OFFENCE CHARGED

PLACE OF INQUIRY AND TRIAL PLACE OF SUING THE ACCUSED PERSON

PARTICULARS IN THE OFFENCE OF PIRACY

PARTICULARS OF CHAGRE NOT DISCOSING AN ESSENTIAL ELELMENTS OF THE OFFENCE CHARGED, CHARGE INCURABLY DEFECTIVE

PARTIES ARE BOUND BY THEIR OWN PLEADINGS AND NO PARTY SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO DEPART FROM HIS PLEADINGS

PENALTY FOR UNNATURAL OFFENCE COMMITTED TO A GIRL OF BELOW 18 YEARS OLD

PERSON CHARGED WITH BEING IN POSSESSION OF PROPERTY SUSPECTED OF HAVING BEEN UNLAWFULLY ACQUIRED IN ONE COUNT AND RELATING STOLEN PROPERTY IN ANOTHER COURT

Plea of Guilty is Followed by Conviction, Plea of Guilty Must Be Unequivocal, Proof of Victim Age, Sanctity of The Court Record

PLEA OF GUILTY MUST BE AN UNEQUIVOCAL -CLEAR

Plea of Guilty Must be Unequivocal, The Response Ni Kweli Nilimpa Mimba is Incomplete,

PLEA OF GUILTY MUST BE UNEQUIVOCAL

PLEA OF GUILTY MUST BE UNEQUIVOCAL-THE FACTS ADDUCED AFTER RECORDING A PLEA OF GUILTYSHOULD DISCLOSE AND ESTABLISHALL THE ELEMENTS OF THE OFFENCE CHARGED

PLEA OF GUILTY, UNEQUIVOCAL PLEA OF GUILTY, APPELLANT PLEADED GUILTY WHILE STILL IN CONFUSED STATE OF MIND AFTER BEATING

PLEA OF GUILTY, WHETHER THE PLEA WAS EQUIVOCAL

PLEA, CHANGE OF PLEA, ACCUSED PLEADED GUILTY AND THEN REQUESTS TO CHARGE PLEA, WHETHER THE COURT MAY REJECT THE REQUEST

Post-Mortem Report is Not the Only Proof of Death, Commencing The Trial Without Re-Reading the Charge Sheet

POWER OF HIGH COURT IN SUMMARY DISMISSAL

POWER OF THE COURT OF APPEAL ON A SECOND APPEAL

POWER OF THE COURT TO SUBSTITUTE LESSER OFFENCE

POWEWR OF REVISION TO RECTIFY ERRORS

PRAYERS HAS BEEN OVERTAKEN BY EVENTS NOT NECESSARY TO DETERMINE THE APPEAL

PRELIMINARY HEARING IS AIMED TO DETERMINE MATTERS NOT IN DISPUTE

Preliminary Hearing is Not Part of the Trial, The Principle of Adverse Inference, Reception of Evidence of a Child of Tender Age,

PRELIMINARY HEARING, ADMISSION OF A RETRACTED CAUTIONED STATEMENT AND OTHER DISPUTED ITEMS AS EXHIBITS DURING PRELIMINARY HEARING, WHETHER PROCEDURE WAS PROPER

PRELIMINARY HEARING, SECTION 192(3) OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE ACT, CONTENTS OF MEMORANDUM OF MATTERS AGREED NOT READ OVER AND EXPLAINED TO ACCUSED, EFFECT THEREOF, SECTION 192(3) OF THE CRIMINAL

PRELIMINARY HEARING

PRINCIPLE OF ADVERSE INFERENCE

Principle of Constructive Possession, Informer is Protected, Sentence for a Person Convicted of Economic Offence

Principles Governing Reliability of the Circumstantial Evidence, Failure to Raise an Objection During the Admission of Exhibits, Best Witness in Criminal

PRIVATE PROSECUTIONS, PRINCIPLES GOVERNING PRIVATE

Procedure in Trials Before the High Court, Arraignment of an Accused Is Not Complete Until He Has Pleaded, Retrial Principle

PROCEDURE IN TRIALS BEFORE THE HIGH COURT

Procedure of Plea Taking at the Subordinate Courts, Plea of Guilty, Definition of A Prohibited Plant, Matters Not Riased

PROOF BEYOUND REASONABLE DOUBT

Proof of Accused Age, A Trial Within a Trial, Failure to Cross Examine a Witness, The Sentence for Rape Committed by a Person Who is Under 18 Years,

Proof of Rape, Failure to Cross Examine a Witness, Reception of Evidence of a Child of Tender Age, A Document Must Be Read Out After Its Admission,

Proof of The Victim Age, Contradictions in Evidence, Penalty for Unnatural Offence Committed to A Child Under 18 Years,

Proof of the Victim Age, Two Schools of Thought

Provisions of The DCEA Relating to Search and Seizure are Subject to CPA, List of Intended Exhibits, A Charge Must Contain Sufficient Particulars

Provisions of the Law in Respect of Search and Seizure, Broken Chain of Custody, Identification of a Suspect at the Public Area

PUNISHMENT FOR IMPREGNATING A SCHOOL GIRL

Punishment Provision for The Offence of Rape, Reception of Evidence of a Child of Tender Age,

Rape is an Accusation Which is Easily Made, Hard to Be Proved and Harder to Be Defended by the Party Accused, Though Never So Innocent,

Reasons for Amendment of the Charge, Identification Parade, Evidence of Visual Identification,

REASONS FOR TAKING OVER THE CASE

RECALLING OF A WITNESS ON ACCUSED’S DEMAND, WHETHER MAGISTRATE HAS DISCREATION TO REFUSE SECTION 214(2)(a) of CPA

Reception of Evidence of a Child of Tender Age,

Reception of Evidence of a Child of Tender Age, Evidence Must Be Taken Under Oath or Affirmation, Hearsay Evidence,

Reception of Evidence of a Child of Tender Age, The Right to Be Heard,

RECEPTION OF EVIDENCE OF A CHILD OF TENDER AGE

Reception of The Evidence of a Child of Tender Age, Accused Cannot Be Convicted On the Weakness of His Defence

RECORDING CAUTIONED STATEMENT IN THE PRESENCE OF OTHER POLICE OFFICERS IN THE SAME ROOM IS FATAL

RECORDING OF EVIDENCE, TRIAL MAGISTRATE FAILED TO SIGN THE EVIDENCE OF EVERY WITNESS CONTRARY TO SECTION 210(1) OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE ACT, WHETHER THE FAILURE IS CURABLE, SECTION 388 OF THE C

Released After Being Remanded by MATUMA, J for Disobedience of Court Orders,

REPRESENTATION, TRIAL CONTINUED WHILE SOME OF THE ACCUSED WERE NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL, WHETHER IT WAS PROPER FOR TRIAL TO CONTINUE

REQUIREMENT TO READ OVER THE CHARGE TO THE ACCUSED IN A LANGUAGE HE WILL UNDERSTANDS FOR HIM TO PLEAD

RESTITUTION OF PROPERTY IN REVISIONAL PROCEEDINGS, SECTION 253(3) OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE ACT

RESTRIAL PRINCIPLES

RETRIAL IDENTIFICATION

RETRIAL NOT TO BE ORDERED WHERE IT IS LIKELY TO CAUSE INJUNCTICE TO THE ACCUSED

RETRIAL PRINCIPLES

REVISIONAL JURISDICTION OF THE COURT OF APPEAL SECTION 4 OF THE AJA

REVISIONAL PROCEEDINGS, RIGHT OF CONVICT TO BE HEARD

RIDING TWO HORSES AT THE SAME TIME IS AN ABUSE OF COURT PROCESS

RIGHT OF ACCUSED TO CROSS EXAMINE THE WITNESS IN NEW CHARGE

RIGHT OF ACCUSED TO LEGAL REPRESENTATION, ACCUSED SHOWED INTENTION TO BE REPRESENTED SECTION 310 OF CPA

RULES OF STATURY INTERPRENTATION

RETRIAL AGAINST THE ACQUITTED ACCUSED PERSON- AUTRFOIS ACQUIT AND ISSUE ESTOPPEL

REVISIONAL POWERS OF THE HIGH COURT

SCOPE OF THE APPLICABILITY OF THE LAW OF THE CHILD

SUBSTITUTION OF CONVICTION

STEPS TO BE FOLLOWED IN ORDER TO CONDUCT PRELIMINARY HEARING-CONSEQUENCES FOR FAILURE TO CONDUCT PRELIMINARY HEARING

SANCITY OF THE COURT RECORD- THERE IS ALWAYS A PRESUMPTION THAT A COURT RECORD ACCURATELY REPRESENTS WHAT HAPPENED

SEARCH CONDUCTED WITHOUT WARRANT-ILLEGAL SEARCH

SECTION 21(1) (a) (2) OF THE NPA DOES NOT CREATE THE OFFENCE OF UNLAWFUL ENTRY INTO A GAME RESERVE

SECURITY TO APPEAR IN THE COURT OF APPEQAL

Selection of Assessors, Involvement of Assessors in Criminal Trials Before the High Court, Improper Summing Up to Assessors,

Selection of Assessors, Involvement of Assessors in Criminal Trials Before the High Court, Improper Summing Up to Assessors

SENTENCE FOR FORGERY OF CHEQUES AND UTTERING THE FALSE DOCUMENTS

SENTENCE FOR FORGERY OF THE BANK STATEMENTS AND OBTAINING MONEY BY FALSE PRETENCE

SENTENCE FOR MANSLAUGHTER , APPELLANT SENTENCED TO SEVEN YEARS IMPRISONMENT, WHETHER THE SENTENCE IS PROPER

SENTENCE FOR RAPE

SENTENCE FOR UNATURAL OFFENCE

SENTENCE OF ARMED ROBBERY

SENTENCE OF THITY YEARS IMPRISONMENT WHERE ACCUSED PLEADED GUILTY TO THE OFFENCE OF MANSALUGHTER, WHETHER THE SENTENCE IMPOSED WAS EXCESSIVE

SENTENCE OF TWENTY YEARS IMPRISONMENT WHERE ACCUSED PLEADED GUILTY TO THE OFFENCE OF MANSLAUGHTER, WAS OUTRAGOUSLY PROVED BY MISCONDUCT OF HIS INFIDEL SPOUSE, WHETHER SENTENCE IMPOSED WAS EXESSIV

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PLEA TAKEN DURING THE PRELIMINARY HEARING WITH THE ONE TAKEN BEFORE COMMENCEMENT OF TRIAL

THE MANNER HOW CREDIBILITY CAN BE DETERMINED

TYPES OF IDENTIFICATION

TRIAL WITHIN TRIAL, CONVICTION BASED ON SUSPICION, ASSESSORS, IDENTIFICATION

THE CASE TO BE PRIMA FACIE MUST BE SUCH THAT A REASONABLE TRIBUNAL PROPERLY DIRECTING ITS MIND TO THE LAW AND THE EVIDENCE CAN CONVICT IF NO EXPLANATION IS OFFERED BY THE DEFENCE

THE REQUIREMENT OF DNA TEST TO PROVE SEXUAL OFFENSES

THE TYPES OF IDENTIFICATION

THE SENTENCING-THE DEATH OCCURRING IN THE COURSE OF CHASTISEMENT BY A GUARDIAN IS categorized A LOW LEVEL

THE SIGN @ STANDS FOR “ALIAS” WHICH MEANS ALTERNATIVE IDENTITY OR ALSO KNOWN AS (“A.K.A)

THE RIGHT TO A FAIR TRIAL-THE RIGHT TO CROSS EXAMINE- THE RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED TO CROSS EXAMINE CO-ACCUSED-THE RIGHT OF ACCUSED PERSONS TO CROSS EXAMINE EACH OTHER

THE DUTY OF EXPERTS-EXPERTS OPINION CANNOT BE EASY IGNORED, REASONS MUST BE GIVEN

THAT THE INTENDED APPEAL HAS OVERWHELMING CANCES OF SUCESS IS NO LONGER A GOOD CAUSE FOR EXTENSION OF TIME

THE ABILITY OF A WITNESS TO NAME A SUSPECT AT THE EARLIEST POSSIBLE OPPORTUNITY IS AN ALL-IMPORTANT ASSURANCE OF HIS REALIBILITY

THE ACCUSED PERSON MUST PARTICIPATE IN THE PROCESS OF ORDERING DESTRUCTION OF THE EXHIBIT

THE ACCUSED PERSON MUST PLEAD TO THE SUSBSITUTED CHARGE AND BE INFORMED OF HIS RIGHT TO RECALL WITNESS

THE APPELLANT CHARGED WITH THE OFFENCE OF MURDER, PLEADED GUILTY TO THE LESSER OFFENCE OF MANSLAUGHTER AFTER CONVICTION THE COURT SENTENCED HIM TO IMPRISONMENT FOR TWENTY YEARS.

THE APPLICABILITY OF DOCTRINE OF ESTOPEL IN CRIMINAL TRIALS IN TANZANIA

The Claim of Being Impotent, Sentence for Unnatural Offence Committed to A Child Under 18 Years is Life Imprisonment,

The Consent and Certificate of the DPP Conferring Jurisdiction Upon the Court to Try Economic Case

The Consent and Certificate of the DPP Must Be Endorsed by the Subordinate Court, Retrial Principles,

THE COURT CANNOT EXERCISE ITS REVISIONAL POWERS WHILE HEARING AN APPEAL WHICH IS TIME BARRED

The Court Must Consider Mitigation Factors to the First Offenders During Passing the Sentence

THE COURT OF APPEAL AS A SECOND APPELLATE COURT IS MANADATED TO DEAL WITH MATTERS OF LAW ONLY BUT NOT MATTERS OF FACT

The Credibility of Witnesses, There is No Lawful Sexual Intercourse with a Girl Who is Under 18 Years, Penetration However Slight Is Sufficient

THE DEFENCE OF ALIBI

The Defence of Insanity, Circumstances Where Insanity May Be Raised, Retrial Principles,

THE DETENTION OF ARRESTED PERSONSTAKING THE ACCUSED PERSON TO COURT BEYOND 24 HRSAFTER HIS ARREST

The Doctrine of Recent Possession, Sanctity of Court Record,

The Doctrine of Recent Possession, The Offence of Burglary and Stealing

THE DPP’S RIGHT TO APPEAL TO THE COURT OF APPEAL IS LIMITED TO SENTENCE OR ACQUITTAL-DPP HAS BEEN BARRED TO APPEAL AGAINST INTERLOCUTORY ORDERS OF THE COURT IN CRIMINAL CASES

The Essence of the Offence of Rape is Penetration, Penetration However Slight is Sufficient, Effect of Lack of Medical Evidence in Proving Rape

THE EXAMINATION AND WEIGHTING OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IS AN EXPERTISE WHICH IS THE DOMAIN OF THE GOVERMENT CHEMIST

THE FACT THAT A CRIME REMAINS UNDETECTED FOR A LONG TIME, CANNOT IN ITSELF MEAN THAT THE CULPRIT SHOULD GO SCOT-FREE EVEN AFTER DETECTING THE IT

THE FIRST APPELLATE COURT IS ENTILED TO RE-EVALUATE THE ENTIRE EVIDENCE ON RECORD AN MAY COME OUT WITH ITS OWN FINDINGS-RULE 36(1) OF THE TCAR

THE IMPORTANCE OF SECURING A SEARCH WARRANT BEFORE SEARCH-PURPOSE OF THE POLICE GENERAL ORDERS

THE INVOLVEMENT OF ASSESSORS IN CRIMINAL TRIALS BEFORE THE HIGH COURT-SUMMINGUP TO ASSESSORS

The Law Governing Extended Jurisdiction, Definition Order

THE LAW OR ACT COMES INTO OPERATION ON THE DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE GAZETTE EXCEPT IF THE LAW PROVIDES OTHERWISE HOWEVER, WHERE SUCH CHANGES AFFECTS PROCEDURE ONLY, IT CAN OPERATE RESTROSPEC

THE MODE OF CHARGING OFFENCES

THE MODE OF FRAMING THE CHARGE

THE MODES OF CHARGING OFFENCES-DRAFTING OF A CHARGE

THE PARTIES WHO HAVE THE ERVICES OF AN ADVOCATE AT THE HEARING OF THE APPEAL, THEY HAVE THE RIGHT TO BRING TO THE COURTS ATTENTION TO THEIR GROUNDS OF APPEAL

The Police Powers of Search and Seizure, Illegal Search, Conditions for Admission of Illegally Obtained Evidence

The Position of the Law on Search and Seizure, Illegal Search

The Position of the Law Regarding Failure to Prevent a Crime, Definition Gang Rape is the Rape of One Person by a Group of Other People

THE PRE-CONVICTION PERIOD MAY ONLY BE CONSIDERED AS A MITIGATING FACTOR BUT IT CANNOT BE COUNTED AS EQUIVALENT TO TIME SERVED AS AN IMPRISONMENT TERM

THE PRINCIPLE OF FAIR TRIAL-JUSTICE SHOULD NOT ONLY BE DONE BUT IT MUST ALSO BE SEEN TO BE DONE

THE PROCEDURE OF PLEA TAKING AT THE SUBORDINATE COURTS

The Provision of the Interpreter to the Accused Who Does Not Understand the Evidence Given in a Language Not Understood by Him

THE PROVISIONS OF THE DRUGS CONTROL AND ENFORCEMENT ACT (DCEA) RELATING TO SEARCH AND SEIZURE WERE NOT INTENDED TO REPLACE THE CPA BUT RATHER SUBJECT THEM TO THE CPA

The Punishment Provision Must Be Stated in the Charge, The Mode of Framing the Charge, Amendment of the Charge

The Requirement for the Appellate Court to Consider All Grounds of Appeal, The Charge is the Foundation of Criminal Trial

THE REQUIREMENT THAT THE ACCUSED PERSON BE REMINDED THE CHARGE BEFORE TRIAL COMMENCE

THE REQUIREMENT TO CONDUCT IN CAMERA ALL TRIALS INVLOVING SEXUAL OFFENCES

The Requirement to File the Notice of Intention to Appeal Within Ten Days

THE REQUIREMENT TO READ OUT THE DOCUMENTS DURING COMMITTAL PROCEEDING

THE REQUIREMENT TO READ OUT THE WITNESS TESTIMONONIES TO THE WITNESSES AFTER THEY HAD TESTIFIED

THE REQUIREMENT TO READ OUT THE WITNESSES TESTIMONIES TO THE WITNESSES AFTER THEY HAD TESTIFIED S.210 (3) OF CPA-EFFECT ON NON COMLIANCE

The Right to Defend the Case, The Right to Be Heard, Failure to Grant a Prayer for Adjournment of a Case

The Right to Legal Representation, A Person in Need of Legal Aid Service Has a Duty Apply for Legal Aid, Credibility of Witnesses

The Right to Legal Representation, Trial Relating to Sexual Offences Should Be Conducted in Camera, Proof of Victim Age, Credibility of Witnesses

THE RIGHT TO REPRESENTATION IS NOT AUTOMATIC-THE PERSON IN NEED OF SUCH SERVICE HAS A DUTY TO ENGAGE AN ADVOCATE OR REPLY FOR LEGAL AID

The Rules of Court Must Be Obeyed, The Requirement to Account for Each Day of Delay, Extension of Time Upon Good Cause Being Shown

THE SECOND APPELLATE COURT CANNOT INTERFERE WITH THE CONCURRENT FINDINGS OF THE TWO COURTS BELOW EXCEPT FOR COMPELLING REASONS

THE SECOND APPELLATE COURT CANNOT INTERFERE WITH THE CONCURRENT FINDINGS OF THE TWO COURTS BELOW EXCEPT FOR THE COMPELLING RESONS

The Sentence for a Person Who Impregnates a Primary School or A Secondary School Girl, Appeals Against a Plea of Guilt

The Sentence for Impregnating a School Girl,

THE SENTENCE START TO RUN WHEN THE ACCUSED PERSON IS CONVICTED NOT WHEN HE WAS ARRESTED

THE SITUATION UNDER WHICH A PRISON STATUS OF A PERSON MAY CNSTITUTE SUFFICIENT CAUSE FOR GRANT OF EXTENSION OF TIME

The Suspect Must be Informed On the Reason For the Arrest, Emergence Search, Contradictions in Evidence, Chain of Custody, Retrospective

THE TEST FOR THE GRANT OF A RESTRAINING ORDER S.38 (1) (2) OF THE POCA

THE TRIAL JUDGE’S FAILURE TO APPEND SIGNATURE AFTER RECORDING THE EVIDENCE OF EVERY WITNESS

The Very Best of the Witnesses in Any Criminal Trial is an Accused Person Who Freely Confesses His Guilt, Oral Evidence Must Be Direct,

THERE IS NO LAW REQUIRING THAT AN ACCUSED MUST BE REMINDED A CHARGE BEFORE COMMENCEMENT OF PROSECUTION CASE

There is No Law that Required the Documents Admitted During PH to be Read Over in Court, Procedure in Trials Before Subordinate Courts

THERE IS NO SPECIFIC NUMBER OF WITNESSES REQUIRED TO PROVE A FACT

THREE ELEMENTS OF ARMED ROBBERY

Time Barred Criminal Appeal Shall Be Struck Out Not Dismissed, Right to Be Heard, Criminal Appeals From Subordinate Courts to the High Court,

Time Spent in Custody Must Be Deducted, No Particular Number of Witnesses is Required, Charge and Information Differs

TO CONSTITUTE A DEFENCE IN A CHARGE OF MURDER THE BELIEF IN WITCHCRAFT MUST BE FOUNDED ON SOME PHYSICAL AND NOT METAPHYISICAL ACT

TRANFER OF CASES, WHETHER THE CHIEF JUSTICE CAN TRANSFER A PARTY HEARD CASE FROM ONE JUDGE TO ANOTHER SECTION 13 OF THE HIGH COURT ACT

Transfer of a Prisoner from One Prison to Another is Good Cause for Extension of Time, Extension of Time the Applicant Being a Prisoner

Transfer of the Case to the Resident Magistrate with Extended Jurisdiction, Lack of the Transfer Order, Overriding Objective Principle,

Trial in Camera Sexual Offences, Failure to Cite Punishment Provision, Contradictions in Evidence, Best Evidence in Sexual Offences,

TRIAL MAGISTRATE FAILED TO INFORM THE APPELLANT OF HIS RIGHTS TO CALL WITNESS IN HIS DEFENCE AND ALSO TO REQUEST THE COURT TO ASSIST HIM TO COMPEL THEIR ATTENDANCE BY A COURT SECTION 231(4) OF TH

TRIAL WITHIN A TRIAL

TRIAL WITHIN A TRIAL TO ADMISSIBILITY OF A REPUDIATED CONFESSION

TRIAL WITHIN TRIAL, STATEMENT OF ACCUSED, BURDEN IS ON THE PROSECUTION TO PROVE THAT IT WAS MADE VOLUNTARLY

TRIAL, CONVICTION ENETERED BUT THE PASSING OF SENTENCE IS STAYED PENDING APPEAL,WHETHER PROPER IN LAW, SECTION 289(3) OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE ACT

V’

VARIATION OF SENTENCE

VISUAL AND VOICE IDENTIFICATION IS TOO WEAK

VISUAL AND VOICE IDENTIFICATION

VARIANCE OF NAMES OF WITNESSES-FAILURE TO TENDER DEED POLL ON CHANGE OF NAMES

Variance Between the Charge and Evidence, Failure to Amend the Charge, Contradictions in Evidence, The Return of an Item to a Person

Variance Between the Charge and Evidence

VARIANCE BETWEEN THE CHARGE AND EVIDENCE

VARIATION OF SENTENCE BY APPELLATE COURT

VISUAL IDENTIFICATION EVIDENCE

VISUAL IDENTIFICATION OF EVIDENCE

VISUAL IDENTIFICATION

WAY FOWARD WHEN THE DEFENCE CASE IS NOT CONSIDERED BY THE TRIAL AND THE FIRST APPELLATE COURT

WAY FOWARD WHERE THE TRIER FAILS TO SUM UP PROPERLY THE CASE TO ASSESSORS

When Accused is Charged with Both Economic and Non-Economic, DPP Certificate Conferring Jurisdiction Must Be Issued under S. 12 (4),

WHERE A PERSON COMMITS MORE THAN ONE OFFENCE AT THE SAME TIME AND IN THE SAME SERIES OF TRANSACTION, IT IS PROPER TO IMPOSE CONCURRENT SENTENCES

WHEN A TRIAL IS ADJOURNED, ASSESSOR MUST ATTEND ADJOURNED SITTING AT EVERY AND SUBSEQUENT SITTING UNTIL THE CONCLUSION OF THE TRIAL

WHERE AN ACCUSED PERSON PLEADS GUILTY TO THE CHARGE READ OVER TO HIM, THE COURT HAS NO OPTION BUT TO CONVICT HIM AND PASS A SENTENCE WITHOUT TRIAL

WHERE DEATH OCCURS AS A RESULT OF A FIGHT BETWEEN THE DECEASED AND THE ACCUSED THE ACCUSED, THE ACCUSED PERSON SHOULD BE FOUND GUILTY OF THE LESSER OFFENCE OF MANSLAUGHTER

WHERE ONE ACTS AMENDS ANOTHER ACT AMENDING ACT SHALL BE CONSTRUED AS ONE WITH THE AMENDED ACT

WHETHER A TOY OISTOL IS AN AMRM WITHIN THE MEANING OF ARMS AND AMMUNITION ACT

WHETHER AN AGGRIEVED VICTIM OF A CRIME CAN APPEAL AGAINST A DECISION OF A DISTRICT COURT WHERE THE DPP DOES NOT APPEAL

WHETHER APPELLATE COURT MAY ALTER A SENTENCE IMPOSED BY TRIAL COURT

WHETHER HEROIN HYDROCLORIDE IS ONE OF THE SUBSTANCES LISTED IN THE FIRST SCHEDULE TO THE DCEA AS DRUGS

WHETHER HIGH COURT HAS POWER TO SUMMARILY DISMISS ON APPEAL

WHETHER LABOUR OFFICER ARE PUBLIC PROSECUTORS WITH POWER TO INSTITUTE AND PROSECUTE CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS

WHETHER LABOUR OFFICER MAY INSTITUTE AND PROSECUTE CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS UNDER LABOUR LAWS

WHETHER REVISION CAN BE RESORTED TO WHERE THERE IS ARIGHT OF APPEAL

WHETHER THE APPELLATE COURT MAY ALTER A SENTENCE IMPOSED BY THE TRIAL COURT

WHETHER THE COURT MAY CONVICT OF MURDER WITHOUT REQUIRING THE ASSESSORS TO MAKE A FINDING WHETHER THE WORDS ULTERED WERE PROVOCATIVE

WHETHER THE HIGH COURT CAN ORDER A PERSON WHOSE APPEAL IT HAS ALLOWED TO PROVIDE SECURITY TO APPEAR IN THE COURT OF APPEAL AT THE INSTANCE OF THE DPP

WHETHER THE HIGH COURT CAN ORDER THE DPP TO LODGE AN APPEAL

WHO CAN ISSUE A TROPHY EVALUATION CERTIFICATE- DIFINITION OF GAME RANGER NO DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A WILDLIFE OFFICER A WILDLIFE RANGER A GAME RANGER OR WILDLIFE RANGER

Who Is Authorized to Issue a Trophy Valuation Certificate, Oral Evidence Can Prove the Case, Chain of Custody, Search and Seizure

WITCHCRAFT AS A DEFENCE TO MURDER-DEFINITION OF WITCHCRAFT

WITHDRAWAL OF THE APPEAL

WITNESSES OLY SAW APPELLANTS WITH THE DECEASED BODY

Wrong Citation of the Punishment Provision in A Charge, Contents of Every Charge or Information, Best Evidence in Rape,

WRONG CITATION OF THE PUNISHMENT PROVISION IN A CHARGE